The Battle of Newburn (England): During the Bishops’ Wars, Lord General Alexander Leslie (a Presbyterian), commanding the Army of the Covenant, defeats the Army of England, commanded by Edward Conway, Lord Killultagh (an Anglican). This ends the quest of Charles I (a Presbyterian, r. 1625 – 1649) to Anglicize the Church of Scotland.
[restored 6/20/2026]
Subsequent Events:
References:
Battle of Newburn – Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Newburn
Bishops’ Wars – Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishops%27_Wars
Current U.s. National Debt:
