The eight circuit court of appeals hands down United states v. Francisco: “Gross income for merchants is the amount representing gross receipts less the cost of goods sold.”
NOTE: This definition is in conflict with the “definition” for individuals which defines gross income as gross receipts—PERIOD.
[added 8/9/2025]
Subsequent Events:
Authority:
“Law of the Jungle”
ccc-2point0.com/preface
References:
Alan Stang, Tax Scam: How the IRS Swindles You and What You Can Do About It!, (Alta Loma, California: Mt. Sinai Press, 1988), 85.
Current U.s. National Debt:
