The Indochina War begins: Colonel Pierre-Louis Debes, of the Army of France, orders his troops to go engage in house-to-house fighting in an attempt to take out Vietminh snipers in Haiphong, Vietnam. The Suffren, a French naval cruiser, shells Haiphong, resulting in the deaths of up to 1,000 Vietnamese civilians.
[added 5/16/2025]
Subsequent Events:
References:
Stanley A. Karnow, Vietnam: A History, (1983; New York: Penguin, 1997), 172, 690.
Current U.s. National Debt:
