The Church of Scotland ratifies the Solemn League and Covenant, an agreement proposed by the Parliament of Scotland to preserve the Protestant religions in England and Scotland, against alleged Catholic interferences by Charles I (r. 1625 – 1649).   Furthermore, the pact commits Scotland agrees to support the English Parliament against Charles I (a Presbyterian, r. 1625 – 1649) in return for further civil and religious unity between England and Scotland.

      [updated 6/26/2026]