President Tomas Estrada Palma, of Cuba, wins re-election as the only candidate on the ballot.  Estrada accumulates 306,874 votes against 11,098 UNDERVOTES (ballots left blank).  During the campaign there were violent uprisings and allegations of electoral fraud. 

       NOTES:

• So ended the U.s.’ first attempt at nation building, bringing its total success/failure record to (successes, 0; failures, 1).
• While “nation-building is a laudable goal, Article IV, Section 4 of the Constitution for the united States says that “The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government”; it does NOT state that “The United States shall guarantee to every nation on this planet a Republican Form of Government” [emphasis added].

       [added 4/5/2025]